Rationale of the use of Archaea

to deplete TMA in the intestine / pTMAO in plasma

Intestinal (gut microbes synthesized) TMA reaches the liver. It is typically converted by the FMO3 monoxygenase human/liver enzyme which leads to TMAO (trimethylamine oxide) (at right). This TMAO goes into the plasma and next leads to several human diseases (in which various mechanisms are implied): mainly cardiovascular disease, encompassing atherosclerosis, and chronic renal disease. At left, alternatively, some subjects have no (or not enough) active FMO3 enzyme, leading to trimethylaminuria (high ratio of TMA vs TMAO in urine), also called Fish-Odor Syndrome: TMA (rotten fish odor) goes into body fluids and leads to the malodor of these patients.